Industry Assignment #2 Volkswagen AG Group Essay

Industry Assignment #2 Volkswagen AG Group - Essay Example Volkswagen with it's headquarter in Wolfsburg is one of the world's leading automobile manufacturers and the largest car producer in Europe. It operates 44 manufacturing facilities in 12 countries in Europe and in a further six countries in America, Asia and Africa. While the Company operates in two divisions, Automotive and Financial Services, our research is focused on its car manufacturing division. Volkswagen AG ('Company') is engaged in the manufacture and sale of automobiles worldwide. The Company's brands cut across different vehicle classes, from the top luxury class occupied by the Bentley, Bugatti and Lamborghini models, down to the bottom class where Skoda, Seat and Volkswagen are positioned. But the Volkswagen and Audi brands in particular cut right across the vertical class range. Each brand has maintained its own individual character and operates independently in the market. Its diverse range of brands gives the Company a critical competitive advantage. While it is difficult to track consumer habits in a rapidly evolving automobile market, price competitiveness will certainly remain a critical success factor. The mass-market consumers are likely to make product selections based on the price competitiveness, fuel efficiency and liberal credit availability. Valued-added features, more lucrative sales incentives to dealers, extended warranty coverage will emerge as some of the means to retain and increase market share in this extremely price sensitive market segment. Strategies of Volkswagen For many decades, Volkswagen was a classical single product mass manufacturer of Beetle brand; thus achieving a high level of inflexible and dedicated automation. In the late nineties, while the Company continued to focus on scale economies it changed its strategy from being a single product manufacture to a modern volume manufacturer offering a range of vehicles for different section of the market. A multi-brand strategy gives a clear market positioning. Volkswagen keeps adjusting its structure and strategies to cope up with the dynamics of car manufacturing industry. As per the Porter's 5 force model, the profit potential of an industry depends on the combined strength of the following five basic competitive forces: 1. Rivalry among existing firms 2. Threat to new entrants 3. Pressure from substitute products 4. Bargaining power of buyers 5. Bargaining powers of sellers According to Michael Porter, any company in any industry can achieve a competitive advantage through cost leadership, product differentiation and market segmentation. Volkswagen is a good example of proving Porter's theory. The Company has followed the strategy of product differentiation and market segmentation to achieve the competitive advantage. The following section highlights the strategies followed by Volkswagen to achieve its competitive advantage in the dynamic car manufacturing industry. Multi-Brand Strategy Volkswagen's brands cut across different vehicle classes, from the top luxury class occupied by the Bentley, Bugatti and Lamborghini models, down to the bottom class where Skoda, Seat and Volkswagen are positioned. However, each brand has maintained its own individual character and operates independently in the market. This multi-brand strategy enables the Company to generate economies of scale and to fill up price gaps and quality gaps

Readers response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Readers response - Essay Example The term â€Å"coy† informs the reader that the young woman is not an easy catch. In other words, she is not easily carried away. Besides suggesting that the word â€Å"coy† could mean a â€Å"sweetheart â€Å" or a â€Å"lover†, it could also be the equivalent for a lady, manager or a courtesan. The lady in â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† plays a kind of a cat and mouse game with her suitor in being shy and artfully demure and at the same time being playfully hesitant. She is well aware that the young man’s motivation is more of a carnal desire for her than true love. He urges her time and again to take advantage of the moment saying â€Å"sport us while we may† telling her that dallying was not a good idea because youth passes quickly. He presses his case on telling her that the luxury of time is not with them for â€Å"time’s winged chariot is ever racing along’ and before they realize it, youth would have passed them by and only their graves would remain. From the lady’s point of view, it is understood that her lover is not motivated by true love but by sheer carnal desire for her. She doesn’t seem to want to succumb to his charms and passion. Though her lover seems impatient and desperate, yet she does not relent. Though the lover suggests that time and their youth is passing them by and they should take advantage and enjoy the pleasure of each other presently, yet she stalls on this fact and does not want to give into his passions. The silent female in this poem tries to be quite tolerant to her suitor and does not encourage his advances. She seems to be somewhat unhappy and dejected by the fact that his key motivation behind his advances is not that of love but of lust or carnal desire and passion. She would rather prefer that his desire for her would be centered on pure love than on fleeting passions. This beautiful poem by Andrew Marvell – â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† has both crude and shocking imagery and gross

Our Societies Get Benefits From Modern Technology Education Essay

Our Societies Get Benefits From Modern Technology Education Essay Introduction: Technology plays a major role in modern life that affects all the aspect of human activities. Therefore our societies get a lot of benefits from modern technology. Universities and colleges for example have so many facilities. Such as labs with sophisticated computer devices, internet connections with high speed, projectors and smart boards. Using these developed tools can help students in many ways; first, students can study and understand their subjects well when they use audio-visual technology. Second, students may pass their exams online. Third, they can access a lot of resources like libraries, websites, and scientific papers online. These facilities may help students master their subjects, save time, and stay in touch with the new world. History: A Scale chart for using Technology since 1780 to 2011 This Chart will be explained well throw the attached document. What kind of Programs that the students can use it in the universities life and can be used in studying, and projects things? The programs are: 7zip : with is using for extracting high compressed files AutoCad : used for drawing without using pencil and papers Adium : used for messaging but using Mac operating system only Amanda : for Network disk Msn Messenger : communication with the students and their instructors Azureus: Peer to Peer programs which is being used mostly in the dorms to exchange files and things like Videos, pictures, etc. SQL : DataBase program used at the universities especially not schools Microsoft Office : Excel , Access, Word , PowerPoint and Outlook Audios and Videos Programs https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqI0iwDLYJuJgCuchqJo2ImDCOngpgGvCSYbyJ4DVfd1XDCvxRWid6xgjPDte1HGuwuWM38PinUGF5zKN4XxebbWqzxnPKgMUruusNb97Wwb0fChRgrmPb_S5uEaOf5AVze7pmRPnH6PA/s400/osdm_startup.JPG http://www.limewireworld.info/images/azureus.jpg (www.mdzworld.tk) (talk2gerd.blogspot.com) https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja-qJT1Et1jWpFLwDR07jXPi9-hrJ41M38n8shMmD20XGw6sgniNbus4L0jO_J1ocuUDd5VqEfTHf_13Yb8ioD4s_Bsfo-_TBG5eZ-E5tp43LoJFZu-HXqPbNMeekZFNh0XJrEyZ25i8c/s1600/Microsoft%20Office%202007.jpg http://www.qortuba.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/msn-mac.jpg (www.sizlopedia.com) (www.c-404-find.net) Advantages and disadvantages of Technology in Education: The technology facilities that we have today has offered a lot of information and ideas to students, which saves great potential for learning, today we have so many procedures and way to present data and information for different learners whatever their learning style is, and make them benefit from the material. And this doesnt only include the web world and internet, but also includes many technological facilities such as projectors and smart boards (Hollowell, 2010). There are some conditions that may prevent some students from getting benefits from the technological facilities during their studies, so they may not be able to have computers or laptops due the socio-economic status, some of the students may live in a place without a computer, some other students might be attending a school in a poor district that doesnt offer more devices or a school that offers limited number of devices, this will lead these students to a disadvantage in learning and practicing the technology, in addition we all know that poor cities have less chances to receive new technological facilities (Hollowell, 2010). This new generation depends on computers and technology, we cannot even doubt this. Technology taken a very important role in our studies, but it is very important to know that it can really give some improvement to the traditional methods of learning but it cannot replace it, finally the quality of the class relies on the knowledge of the instructor and not on the technology available (Hollowell, 2010). As technology can be more helpful in the classroom for students and teachers, there is a chance that it might be a source of distraction and confusion for both students and teachers, experts are required to be available in schools and colleges to fix the hardware and software problems because some teachers doesnt have enough knowledge to do that, supporting the purchased technology is necessary to avoid the useless and disadvantage of it. Technology always needs frequent check to avoid the damage (Olsen). It is incredible and useful to use online education because it can be accessed at anytime and from anywhere, and this advantage allows the students to give time for their daily lives while concentrating in their learning objectives. Traditional methods of learning have more specific places and specific times (Roath). Online classrooms are very convenient in connecting students to each other and to their instructors, so that they can meet at anytime of the day or night with no difficulties. In opposite communication and interaction in physical classrooms can occur only during classroom hours (Roath). How can we get benefit from using technology in our studies? In the 21 century, technology has been changed in a different way in our community. Many people from all over the wide world rely on computers and technological devices in their daily lives. Schools and other educational organizations have been able to offer more computers for their students since computers became more valuable, there are too many benefits that students can get from technology (Elizabeth Reed Osika) . The educational technology is used as helpful tools to enhance students learning and success in the American schools for around 30 years. Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) was made to assist students to benefit and obtain the basic skills, as well as practicing them (U.S. Department of Educatation). Some people think that there is a similarity between the importance of technology education and the importance of teaching aids and methods, But actually there is a big difference between the two of them, which means that the importance of technological education is more comprehensive (hibatolah, 2007). Insight: in which illustrations and graphs have a very important part in clarifying the written concepts to the student (hibatolah, 2007). Understanding: the means of technology education help students to recognize things (hibatolah, 2007). Abilities and skills: the means of education are important to teach students some skills such as: pronunciations and spellings (hibatolah, 2007). The way of thinking: the means of technology education plays an effective role in training students to think clearly and solve their own problems (hibatolah, 2007). In addition to verifying the experience, the growth of general knowledge, forming concepts, and the variegation of evaluation methods to meet the differences between students (hibatolah, 2007). If we try to make a comparison between students in schools and students in universities, we will find that schools students doesnt get more benefits from the facilities that are available for them because they usually waste their times playing games, chatting, etc. on the other hand, university students often know the value of these facilities and the benefits that they can get from them.Technology is improving education? Technology is helping teachers and students to better understand the content of their subjects, and allows them to develop the teaching and studying methods in order to get more benefits; the role of technology in schools and universities has turned from a simple (computer class or IT class) into a multipurpose learning tool that can change the way we demonstrate concepts, assign projects, and assess programs (Kessler, 2010). In the following points, some examples on how technology has shown its potential to improve education: 1- Developed stimulations and models. 2- International learning. 3- Sensors and probes. 4- Multimedia. 5- Electronic books. 6- Scientific games. (Kessler, 2010) Technology improves education at universities in many ways such as: 1- Online examinations which are more helpful. 2- Online studying systems. 3- Video conference classes. 4- Online Students accounts. 5- Scientific labs for engineering students. Methodology: To figure out the importance of technological facilities in the educational organizations we formed this survey that can enable us to find out the opinion of the students about it and to give a short study about these facilities that were used The Survey contains yes or no questions and it also the last question is talking about the opinion and suggestions. And how we can use it to improve the technology in educational field. Findings: Randomly selected people Q1. Is there any kind of technology facilities in your university? Table Yes NO 45 students 75% 15 students Figure Q2. Do you think technology is helpful in your college life? Yes NO 53 students 88.3% 7 students Table Figure Q3. Do you think that online exams are more convenient for you? Yes NO 34 students 56.7% 26 students Table Figure Q4. Is it more helpful to study depending on online systems? Table Yes NO 39 students 65% 21 students Figure Q5. Is your university planning to improve its technology facilities in the near future? Yes NO 38 students 63.3% 22 students Table Figure Q6. Have you ever tried the video conference classes? Yes NO 18students 30% 42 students Table Figure Q7. Are you satisfied with the facilities that you have in your university? Yes NO 25students 41.7% 35 students Table Figure Q8. What is your opinion in using these facilities at your university? As we found from the Survey data that all of the students agree with the point of developing the University Technology that it can help them in studying and doing their job and they considered that some of them dont have the good technology that can satisfy them, over all they should upgrade their facilities or the university facilities. Now a days all the students want something easy to learn from and an easy way to get the information with lots of interesting technique so any education organization which want to gain a lot of money use this technique to attract more students to come to their organization not only to get money but also to be honest to help the students to improve their thinking to develop this organization which will help their country not only their country but also the whole world by building new generation , with high thinking . Summary: In the year 1780 all the educational organizations including universities, colleges, and schools used to teach their students without using any type of technology, but in the new generation and especially in the year 2000, technology became a very important part of education. The revolution of technology brought us many useful programs that we can use in different field of lives, these programs have an effective role in changing our lives and make easier and better. From this research we found out that we can get advantages from bringing technology in our studies, but we also found out that there are disadvantages from the use of technology that might ruin our studies and affect our future in a negative way. From this research we learned how to get the benefits of technological education, and use these benefits in a lot of organizations such as: schools, universities. We are obligated to train our students to use these benefits in a positive way. The survey showed that the majority of students agree that technology is helpful in their college life, this mean that students have a strong conscience about what is happening in todays world. Recommendations: 1- Technology is very important in education, in addition it is helpful for students and instructors. 2- Universities and schools should be equipped by technological facilities. 3- Educational establishments must train their students to use the technological tools. 4- It is mandatory to do a regular check up and update the labs and the devices especially at universities. 5- Students have to take courses in IT to make sure that they can use computers and other tools. 6- All of us must strive and struggle to try to find and discover new technological devices and programs in order to fulfill our studies. References: http://www.google.ae/search?q=the+history+of+using+technology+in+the+universitieshl=enbiw=1436bih=731prmd=ivnstbs=tl:1tbo=uei=tevXTdG4KMy6hAfnlNzNBgsa=Xoi=timeline_resultct=titleresnum=11ved=0CGQQ5wIwCg http://www.csulb.edu/~murdock/histofcs.html http://www.ehow.com/about_4815039_advantages-disadvantages-technology-education.html http://cct.edc.org/admin/publications/speeches/testimony_lhe01.pdf http://www.new7ob.com/vb/pro48841.htm http://www.et-ar.net/vb/showthread.php?t=926 http://www.ehow.com/facts_6182306_competitive-online-vs_-traditional-education.html http://www.ehow.com/about_5435887_disadvantages-technology-classroom.html http://www.ehow.com/about_4815039_advantages-disadvantages-technology-education.html Can you Improve your Schools Technology  Support http://cct.edc.org/admin/publications/speeches/testimony_lhe01.pdf http://cct.edc.org/admin/publications/speeches/testimony_lhe01.pdf http://cct.edc.org/admin/publications/speeches/testimony_lhe01.pdf http://cct.edc.org/admin/publications/speeches/testimony_lhe01.pdf http://www.c-404-find.net/software/11023-microsoft-office-2007-blue-edition.html http://joooba.com/vb/showthread.php?t=2964 http://talk2gerd.blogspot.com/2008/10/sql-developer-data-modeling.html http://www.sizlopedia.com/2009/01/21/best-chat-clients-mac-os/

Society and Family Conflict in A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberr

Society and Family Conflict in A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry      Ã‚  Ã‚   Within the context of any given moment in history, the passage of time allows reflection on the attitudes and emotions of people. The political atmosphere, commercial fads, social trends or religious fervor of the time we observe, all lend spice to the attitudes that we will find there. Some aspects of our human nature are as timeless as eating or sleeping, such as the bonds of a family or the conflicts which tear them apart. In Lorraine Hansberry's work "A Raisin in the Sun" we can see clearly not only the drama each of us lives through in the ties of family and love, but it gives us an immortal slice of history of the times in which it was written.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Much of the political action that occurred during the time described within this play is specific to the era which it portrays. In Chicago and elsewhere, the economic affliction of minority families was ... ... Carlisle, David K. 1998. Black Combat Units In Korean War Action. [Online] Available:   http://members.aol.com/warlib/dkc2.htm [2000, June 12]. Hansberry, Lorraine. "A Raisin in the Sun". Beatty, J., Hunter, J. P. (Eds.)(1998) Norton Introduction to Literature (7th Ed.). New York: Norton (pp.   1381-1485). MSN Microsoft Network. Encarta. W.E.B. DuBois. [Online] Available: http://encarta.msn.com/index/conciseindex/2E/02E91000.htm?z=1&pg=2&br=1 [2000, June 11].   

How Effective Will Nuclear Power Be Environmental Sciences Essay

Energy is an indispensable portion of day-to-day life in the United Kingdom. We use to heat and illume our places, and our power to travel people and goods. Without supplying clean, safe and equal power and we will non be able to work in the economic system or a modern society. To supply this energy that we face two major challenges: clime alteration and energy security. Climate alteration poses a major menace to the planetary ecosystem, the planetary economic system and human populations. There is overpowering scientific grounds that human activities, particularly in emanations of nursery gases such as C dioxide, in planetary clime alteration. In 2005, was created 40 % of the C dioxide emanations from electricity coevals. Temperatures and sea degrees are lifting. There is no scientific consensus over a long period we have to avoid the hazard of clime alteration is non irreversible, but the huge bulk of experts believe that clime alteration is already, without action now to dramatically cut down emanations of C dioxide, and we will hold the right to damaged important impact on our state, planet and manner of life. Historically, the United Kingdom has received most of its energy demands from domestic beginnings: coal, and even the center of the twentieth, and since the 1970s, and oil and gas from the North Sea and 4driven our economic system. Since the 1950s, atomic energy, U, and fuel are imported, generated a big proportion of our electricity, making a extremum of 30 % of electricity production in the 1990s. Over the last decennary of atomic energy and met with about a fifth of our electricity. If we have built pow1er workss, fossil fuels alternatively of atomic power Stationss, may be C emanations in the United Kingdom the amount of all sectors by 5 % to 12 % in 2004 higher. In the hereafter, the United Kingdom are progressively dependent on imported oil and gas in a clip of turning planetary demand and monetary values, and when the power supply has become more politicized. At the same clip, we know that over the following two decennaries or so, about a 3rd of the coal, our oil fired power workss are likely to shut because of environmental statute law, and the operators of atomic installations, while others may do extensions of life in the workss in the United Kingdom. Target of renewable energy by 20 % is an ambitious end, which represents a important addition in capacity on renewable energy beginnings in the Member States. Latest information indicate that the current portion of renewable energy beginnings in the energy mix in the United Kingdom a sum of about 2 % , and for the EU as a whole around 6 % 6. Projections indicate that, on the footing of bing policies in the United Kingdom and the European Union, by 2020, renewable energy will lend approximately 5 % of ingestion in the United Kingdom is improbable to transcend 10 % of the European Union. Figure ( 1 ) : Expected diminution in atomic bring forthing capacity in the UK.1 Nuclear power and C emanations Nuclear energy, unlike dodo fuel power coevals that it carbon-free at the point of coevals low-carbon in general. Some C dioxide emanations arise at other points in the life rhythm, for illustration, during uranium excavation, readying, fuel, building and decommissioning the power works, but this is true to some extent for all electricity coevals engineerings and the different techniques produce different sums of emanations. To supply an accurate image of the possible part of atomic power Stationss could do to turn to clime alteration, there must be a complete analysis of the life rhythm. In other words, it is necessary to mensurate the emanations from each phase. There are a figure of premises that need to be in the behavior of such an analysis. For illustration, a type of electricity used for the readying of atomic fuel: If the power workss run on coal, emanations are much higher than if atomic or renewable fuel beginnings in the procedure of readying. As a consequence of these variables, there is a comparatively broad scope of estimations contained in the surveies discussed in the life rhythm emanations of C dioxide from atomic power. DTI Analysis for Energy Review, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dti.gov.uk/energy/ Figure ( 2 ) : comparative C emanations of bring forthing technologies.2 Figure ( 3 ) : Chart shows the electricity coevals mix including new atomic ( 2005-2030 ) .3 DTI Analysis for Energy Review, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dti.gov.uk/energy/ DTI Analysis for Energy Review, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dti.gov.uk/energy/ Security of supply benefits of atomic power The Government is committed to guaranting equal, dependable, and assorted supplies of low-cost energy to bring forth electricity, warming and conveyance. With limited power supply or insecure, and the consequence is likely to be out of the blue high or volatile energy monetary values. The UK is confronting two chief security challenges: The increasing trust on imports of oil and gas in a universe where energy demand is lifting and in some instances energy is going more politicized ; The demand for significant, and seasonably, private sector investing over the following two decennaries in: new gas import substructure and storage ; electricity coevals to run into lifting demand and replace retiring Stationss ; and the replacing of ageing transmittal and distribution webs. A diverse energy supplies an of import factor in security of supply. This can happen agencies that both the diverseness in the type of fuel used, every bit good as diverseness in the geographical distribution of beginnings of fuel. Avoid inordinate trust on one reduces the impact of the failure of â€Å" engineering † or provide concatenation break. To this extent, atomic power, by bring forthing approximately 18 % of electricity, already makes an of import part to the security of energy supplies, adding diverseness to the energy mix and avoiding an over-dependence on imported dodo fuels, peculiarly gas. However, by 2024, all but one of the atomic power Stationss will hold closed based on current published accounting life-times. There are besides certain characteristics of atomic power workss that contribute to the security of energy supply to us. Nuclear coevals extends the geographical spread of our energy imports, because there are uranium militias in parts such as Australia and Canada, which are different locations where the planetary militias of fossil fuels are found. In the cost informations, with the capital but high fuel and operating costs low, this means that the coevals costs are comparatively immune to fluctuations in fuel monetary values. This is in contrast to fossil fuel coevals, and ownership of atomic power as portion of the mix adds an component of stableness in sweeping energy monetary values in the UK. Nuclear energy is the most economical when tally continuously, so it is in a good place to run into the demand for base-load power in the United Kingdom. And complete the enlargement of atomic energy to bring forth more intermittent renewable energy such as air current power. Safety and security of atomic power Nuclear power workss pose safety and security, wellness and nonproliferation hazards should be managed. Consequently, there is a regulative system in the United Kingdom regulating the bing installations and protection against hazards originating from any new workss to atomic energy. This system is capable to international control. A reappraisal conducted late by the International Atomic Energy Agency that the system in the United Kingdom and regulative advanced, flexible and crystalline, and was a high grade of preparation for inspectors and experts with experience. United Kingdom did non hold the incident at a atomic power works where there was a civilian fire off from the radioactive stuff. Analysis by the European Commission on the atomic possible indicates that the events in the United Kingdom and the possibility of a major incident – the prostration in the reactor nucleus every bit good as the failure of the containment construction – is one in 2.4 billion yearly reactor. By manner of comparing, it is believed that the hazard of a meteor at a distance of one kilometre to make the land, which can be a great planetary environmental impacts, and can be one in 0.5 million yearly. However, a major atomic accident, despite the presence of really low chance of occurring, would hold serious effects for large-scale, so they should see really carefully whether it is sensible to run such a hazard. The wellness hazards of exposure to radiation from atomic power workss are really little, and there are legal bounds radiation dosage in topographic point, both for the workers in the atomic industry and the general populace. Average dose to a member of the populace as a consequence of discharges from the atomic power industry is 0.015 % of the one-year dosage from all beginnings. Independent Commission on the medical facets of radiation in the environment ( COMARE ) did non place any grounds of increased incidents of childhood malignant neoplastic disease in countries environing atomic power workss. Although the atomic power Stationss pose some hazards that can non be avoided terrorist act, and the Office of Civil Nuclear Security ( OCNS ) , the supervisory organic structure for security, is satisfied that the bing security system, strong and effectual, which allows new workss to atomic power to be built is non likely to materially increase the hazards to the UK, because any proposals for new workss, atomic power would merely be allowed to continue if it met the rigorous regulative demands in full, harmonizing to most up to day of the month menace appraisal. Waste and decommissioning Nuclear power workss generate durable radioactive waste that needs to be handled carefully and stored and disposed of at the terminal of the twenty-four hours in a installation suited for long-run direction. The United Kingdom has a big bequest of atomic waste. To be administered, although the bulk of this waste is low degree of radiation, there is besides a higher degree waste and exhausted fuel from atomic power workss that you need. In 2007, the Government updated its policy on the low degree waste direction, and gave duty to the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority ( NDA ) to develop and keep a national scheme to turn to the low degree atomic waste. This will include identifying extra capacity to a disposal installation of the present United Kingdom will non supply adequate capacity for waste expected from the decommissioning of the Stationss in the United Kingdom of atomic energy. Nuclear energy can supply important benefits for future coevalss, peculiarly in footings of cut downing C emanations, and contribute to energy security and hence economic growing. It is likely to be more cost-efficient than alternate signifiers of low-carbon coevals. However, the constitution of atomic waste is besides a possible load at a clip, which requires active direction or attention and care, and radioactive waste remains unsafe for many old ages to come. This needs to be balanced against the possibility that without new atomic power, a greater proportion of the capacity to replace the workss and fossil fuel power Stationss will come from extra dodo fuel energy. Increase the sum of dodo fuel works would increase emanations of C dioxide in the ambiance, which aggravates the job of clime alteration from man-made. Furthermore, a determination non to let energy companies the option of puting in new workss of atomic energy would intend that less than one beginning to bring forth el ectricity will be available for future coevalss, which could hold deductions for the diverseness in the hereafter and security of supply. Allowing energy companies to construct new atomic power would make a new radioactive waste that need to be managed. Compared with the bing atomic power Stationss in the United Kingdom, and designs of power workss being built would make less waste by volume because of the improved and more efficient reactor designs that use less of the ingredients. Because their lives are longer than expected, they generate more electricity. But this means that there will be a greater addition in radiation compared with an addition in the volume of waste – chiefly from the spent fuel – although as is the instance with all radioactive stuff activity will worsen with the transition of clip. Environmental impacts of atomic power Nuclear power workss, like any other signifier of electricity coevals works, affect the local environment and landscape. Construction and transit of H2O usage for chilling, fabrication, excavation, fuel, and transmittal will besides take to environmental impacts. Not all of these considerations are alone to atomic energy. Could be the ability to bring forth electricity once more, including renewable energy beginnings, have an impact on the landscape and local wildlife. As with all developments of the power substructure, it will be for the private sector energy companies to turn up to develop proposals for any new workss, atomic power, if the authorities concludes after this audience, which should let them to do these investings. She noted that the industry sites most likely to last are likely to be next to bing atomic power Stationss The ethical considerations of leting new atomic waste to be produced The Government agrees that the creative activity of new waste raises ethical issues and that these should be the topic of consideration with the populace through this audience. Nuclear energy may supply important benefits for future coevalss, peculiarly in footings of cut downing emanations of CO2, and generate wealth. However, the constitution of atomic waste is besides a possible load at a clip, which requires active direction or attention and care. Radioactive waste remains unsafe for many old ages to come, and if non treated decently, can be a load on future coevalss. Some unsafe radioactive isotopes remain in topographic point for 10s to 100s of 1000s of old ages, although the radiation will of the natural decay significantly to background degrees over clip. Such long-run hazard is non alone to atomic power – other countries of human activity affecting the usage of risky stuffs, such as heavy metals such as lead and Cd, which in contrast to radioactive stuff does non go less serious over clip. The Government has developed the rules of sustainable development through which issues related to atomic energy and can be considered. These rules are: Populating within environmental bounds. Achieving a sustainable economic system. Using sound scientific discipline responsibly. Guaranting a strong, healthy and merely society. Promoting good administration. Specifically, the rule of sustainable development requires that the benefits accruing to current coevalss should non negatively impact the quality of life for future coevalss. Therefore, when you consider the building of new atomic moralss, and we need in peculiar to measure how to make a waste now, which provides benefits for current coevalss in footings of carbon-free electricity and balances against the possible load imposed on future coevalss. Finally, the determination non to let new atomic power to play the function of one means that less a beginning of power will be available for future coevalss. This could hold deductions for the diverseness in the hereafter, and security of supply, and hence must be considered with other ethical issues raised. It should non be intergenerational issues of radioactive waste could be considered in isolation, but along with long-run impact of clime alteration. Should see the demand to convey the balance between the creative activities of extra radioactive waste with an addition in emanations of C dioxide that will be produced if the decrease of energy demand from fossil fuel workss alternatively of new atomic power. Decision Nuclear energy has some particular characteristics that can lend to accomplishing the aim of procuring the supply of electricity. there are some limitations on the part that can be provided by atomic energy to security of supply, and all the techniques and restrictions. Can non be that security of supply can be achieved by trusting on one engineering or fuel owing to uncertainness about how future events ( particular rates and cost and demand ) may blossom over clip, and how they affect the ability of power system to run into the demands of the United Kingdom of energy. Clearly, so, that atomic energy can supply benefits in guaranting security in the hereafter of the electricity supply as portion of a diverse coevals mix.

Secondary Youth Perspective On Dropping Out Of School Education Essay

The rate at which pupils are dropping out of school is a quandary and has become a serious job for school territories across the state. The intent of this survey is to reap penetrations from the dropouts themselves, sing their determination to go forth school before completion and to codify their perceptual experiences, beliefs and attitudes toward dropping out of school. This paper examines the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptual experiences through interviews and will be conducted on 10 participants in Penang. A qualitative research method was used to concentrate on the significance that people make of their lives, their experiences, and their environment. Secondary Youth Perspective on Droping Out of School Concern for dropouts is non new. Mohamad Kamal Haji Nawawi ( Bornep Post Online, 2012 ) , general director for Malayan Talents Development of Talent Corporation Malaysia Berhad said that: â€Å" between Form One and Form Five, out of the 400,000 pupils that enrolled in Form One, some 44,000 would go forth school yearly before finishing their Form Five, or Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. † â€Å" Some 80,000 pupils are estimated to hold dropped out of secondary schools from 2006 to 2010, † said Deputy Education Minister Datuk Dr Wee Ka Siong ( The Malaysian Insider, 2011 ) . He speculated that some factors for dungs out may be for wellness grounds, to come in the work force and because of deficiency of involvement in instruction ( The Malaysian Insider, 2011 ) . Previously parents can state they have five or six kids and can non afford to pay school fees. â€Å" Now, the authorities is taking attention of that. If they do non hold the money, they will be given RM100 and for h apless households, we give RM500 one-off, † said Dr Wee ( The Malaysian Insider, 2011 ) . â€Å" We are working towards that, intending policy-wise we want to do everyone finish Form Five, at least complete the secondary instruction, † he said when asked if the ministry will see doing secondary school registration as mandatary. † said Dr Wee ( The Malaysian Insider, 2011 ) . Before looking at the grounds for dropping out from school, it is necessary to specify what is means to drop out. We use term â€Å" dropout † refer to youth whom leave secondary school before graduation, including those who leave but return subsequently, and those who after complete some signifier of equivalency sheepskin ( Audus & A ; Willms, 2001 ) . Droping out of school is a serious job, and society is eventually admiting the profound societal and economic effects for pupils, their households, the school and the community. Leaving school without a sheepskin can hold permanent negat ive effects on the individual socially and economically, doing terrible disadvantages come ining into big life. Understanding why pupils drop out of school is the key to turn toing this major educational job. A figure of theories have been advanced to understand the particular phenomenon of the saging out ( Audas & A ; Willms, 2001 ; Finn & A ; Zimmer, 2012 ; Rumberger & A ; Lim, 2008 ) . The theorical model to be used in this survey will be the Rumberger ‘s ( 2011 ) model that use single factors associated with pupils themselves, such as their attitudes, behaviours and educational public presentation. The other frameworks focal point on the contextual factors found in pupils ‘ households, schools, and communities. Both models are utile and, necessary to understand this complex phenomenon. It is of import for the community to cognize why pupils are dropping out of school. There are figure of grounds. Individual position Individual factors that predict whether pupils drop out or alumnus from high school autumn into four countries: ( 1 ) behaviours, ( 2 ) attitudes, and ( 3 ) educational public presentation. ( 1 ) Behavior. A broad scope of behaviours both in and out of school have been shown to foretell dropout and graduation. One of the most of import is student battle, which includes pupils ‘ active engagement in academic work ( e.g. , coming to category, making prep ) and the societal facets of school ( e.g. , take parting in athleticss or other extracurricular activities ) . Misbehavior in high school and delinquent behaviour outside of high school are both decidedly associated with higher dropout and lower graduation rates. Adolescents who drink and fume are more likely to originate sex earlier than their equals ; those who engage in these behaviour forms frequently have a history of troubles in school ( Rumberger, 2011 ) . Having friends who engage in condemnable behaviour or friends who have dropped out besides increases the odds of dropping out ( Rumberger, 2011 ) . ( 2 ) Attitudes. The dropout literature has by and large focused on a individual indicator- educational outlooks ( how far in school a pupil expects to travel ) and has found that higher degrees of educational outlooks are associated with lower dropout rates. ( 3 ) Educational public presentation. Droping out represents one facet of three interconnected dimensions of educational public presentation: ( 1 ) academic accomplishment, as reflected in classs and trial tonss, ( 2 ) educational stableness, which reflects whether pupils remain in the same school ( school stableness ) or remain enrolled in school at all ( enrollment stableness ) , and ( 3 ) educational attainment, which is reflected by old ages of schooling completed and the completion of grades or sheepskin ( Rumberger and Lim, 2008 ) . The model suggests that educational attainment is dependent on both educational stableness and academic accomplishment. That is, pupils who either interrupt their schooling by dropping out or altering schools, or who have hapless academic accomplishment in school, are less likely to graduate or finish that section of schooling. Research Question The research inquiries examined in this paper are: Cardinal inquiry: What are the grounds for pupils ‘ detachment from school? Subquestions: What factors contributed to their determination to go forth? Can the dropouts themselves reveal the critical junctions in their determination to disrupt their instruction? What can school decision makers and pedagogues do to forestall pupils from dropping out? The chief focal point of treatment will be around the grounds for dropping out of school and cognizing why they make such determination. The 3rd research inquiry is to understand either they still can endorse into some educational scene. Finally, the 4th inquiry is looks at illustrations of good pattern, seek to forestall this procedure happens once more. Significance of the Study Keeping pupils in school is really of import for the wellbeing of the pupils and society as a whole. Objective of this paper is to understand the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptual experiences of the dropout pupils through interviews. The participant reply will assist schools develop plans or policies for cut downing the school bead out rate. What helps in accomplishing this nonsubjective must be studied so that suited intercessions and policies may be drawn out and implemented by the relevant governments. To cut down the dropout rates of pupils in the long tally, the issue of school battle must be given due consideration. Schools can besides profit from the findings of the survey. School disposal can analyze how existing school patterns, the school atmosphere and instructors affect pupils ‘ school attitude. Research Paradigm Droping out of school can non be understood merely by analyzing the conditions of households and schools, or even the behaviours of pupils. The research worker takes a societal constructivism base as the research worker is seeking to understand by analyzing the positions and readings of those conditions and behaviours by dropouts themselves. Phenomenology surveies of dropouts are based on this premiss. Methodology Approach This research will be taking a phenomenalogical attack as the research worker will be analyzing their lives, their experiences, and their environment. A qualitative research can assist understand the grounds for dropping out of school. Interview and interact with a little group of school dropouts. Main interview types that qualitative research workers use are in-depth, one-on-one interviews. Interview Questions What factors contributed to their determination to go forth? What can school decision makers and pedagogues do to forestall pupils from dropping out? Was dropping out of school a good determination or a bad determination for you? Explain why. Describe your grounds for go forthing school early. When you think back over the old ages, depict any specific events that lead up to your dropping out of school. Would you make anything otherwise if you had the chance? Is there anything else you would wish to state? Sample The participants will be obtained utilizing a convenience trying method. The first participant will be introduced by an familiarity and the participants are asked to propose other participants who qualify.10 participants will be interviewed for this research. These interviews were typically 30 to 1 hr in continuance. The participants were asked a set of semi-structured open-ended inquiries in a prearranged order. Perticipant of the survey should be above 18, no specific pick of gender or ethnicity, must be an grownup who has dropped out from school. Procedure The interview will be conducted on 10 participants with the presence of research worker. Throughout the session, the participants will be asked inquiries about the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptual experiences. It will wholly be done in a maximal clip of 1 hr, and a lower limit of 30 proceedingss, and merely be a erstwhile interview, this is so that the participants would non be excessively tired after the interview. The interview will be recorded in audio format so that a written text can be done. The interview will be done in a closed room so that the privateness and the confidentiality of the participants will be protected with the best attempts of the experimenter. Participants can decline to reply any inquiry. Participant replies to all inquiries are private and confidential. Dependability and Validity To guarantee dependability of the consequences for this research, pilot trial will be conducted on one of the participant before the existent research begins. The pilot trial will be used to guarantee that the inquiries are capable of acquiring the needed replies and to look into whether a certain interview location would be suited for this interview every bit good as to cognize the estimated clip an interview will take. After the complete aggregation of informations the consequences will be taken back to the participant to corroborate that there was no misunderstanding of the participant ‘s words. A equal reappraisal will besides be conducted among the researches class mates to guarantee that the research worker had non do any errors.